Requirements, Model and Prototype for a Multi-Utility Locational and Security Information Hub
Even if they are hosted in sophisticated GIS systems, the asset management systems maintained by various utilities are often plagued by information incompleteness and inaccuracy. The locational information is often based on approximate design data that differ from actual "as-built" drawings that may not be even be held by such utilities owning and maintaining underground lifeline infrastructure systems (water, wastewater, electric/power, gas, stormwater, and communications networks).