Business indices play a c r i tical role in summarizing the business conditions of the economy and
indicating the forthcoming of phase changes in business cycle. The useful indices should accurately reflect
the business reality and dynamic changes of the economy. In the pas t decades , signi ficant indus t ry
t ransformation from manufacturing to services has been observed in both New York State/Metro area and the
ent i re nation. The share of goods in US GDP has declined from 54% to 35% and the share of services has

<p>Activity-based microsimulation models are gaining increasing attention from MPOs around the country. These models earn their reputation by having shown their theoretical superiority over the traditional four-step models. The NYBPM (New York Best Practice Model) model is one of a relatively few operating activity-based microsimulation models in the country and thus provides us a working platform to test their practical advantages over the traditional four-step models. We accomplish this goal by examining the sensitivity of the model in response to changes in the input.

Road traffic crashes and injuries constitute major health, economic, and developmental challenges to African countries. For its 4 per cent of the world?s motor vehicles, the fatalities on African roads exceed 10%. With further motorization, the number of road traffic crashes, injuries and fatalities are expected to continue to grow. The road carnage has severe impact on the human, social and economic development. The present study intends to update the status, trends, causes, existing countermeasure, and issues in traffic safety, facing African countries.

<p>Warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies have attracted great interest in the field of pavement engineering due to its potential energy savings and environmental benefits. As one of the most popular WMA processes, Advera? utilizes zeolite to greatly reduce the production temperature of pavement without compromising the performance of the mixture. However, due to the lack of a comprehensive rheological characterization, the existing specifications cannot provide the optimum temperature and additive proportion for specific binder or aggregate types.

<p>The air travel industry is in turmoil. Bankruptcies of commercial air carriers has become commonplace. Increasing fuel costs make profitability wishful thinking for many carriers, and many cities are losing scheduled air service as carriers focus on only the most profitable routes. Complaints about delays are the norm. The benefits that will result from technological improvements are years away. Many in both the private and public sectors describe the system as &#39;broken&#39; and call out for changes in national aviation policy.

This work aims to develop statistical models for ultrafine/fine particle number emission rates from a
diesel bus, to evaluate the explanatory power of engine operating variables. Emissions were recorded
by using on-board instrumentation in two types of real-world driving conditions: a freeway
commuting route and a within-city-limits bus route, with stop and go due to intersections and bus
stops. To reduce the risk of drawing spurious conclusions, three replications of the experiment were

<p>This paper investigates the crack initiation and saturation for opening-mode cracking. Using elastic governing equations and a weak form stress boundary condition, we derive an explicit solution of elastic fields in the surface course and obtain the energy release rate, so that opening-mode cracking initiation can be determined by fracture energy criterion. Interestingly, the longitudinal stress between such cracks along the surface undergoes a transition from tensile to compressive with increasing applied tensile loading, which implies crack saturation.

<p>Growth in the population of older adults (age 60 and above) in coming years will challenge urban planners and transportation managers to provide travel options that support autonomy. To investigate barriers that older adults experience in using public transit, this research explores associations between older adults who do and do not ride fixed-route public transit and their neighborhood walking access to buses and trains.

Business indices play a c r i tical role in summarizing the business conditions of the economy and
indicating the forthcoming of phase changes in business cycle. The useful indices should accurately reflect
the business reality and dynamic changes of the economy. In the pas t decades , signi ficant indus t ry
t ransformation from manufacturing to services has been observed in both New York State/Metro area and the
ent i re nation. The share of goods in US GDP has declined from 54% to 35% and the share of services has