The world is headed toward two billion vehicles. Is this sustainable? Not without transforming vehicles, fuels, and transportation—not only in the U.S., but virtually everywhere. Professor Sperling will examine the roots of the problem: the resistant auto industry, dysfunctional oil markets, shortsighted government policies, and unmotivated consumers. He will focus on the role of innovation and policy in bringing about low carbon fuels, electric-drive vehicles, socially responsible behavior, enhanced mobility services, and low-carbon cities.